青海湖沙柳河流域浅层地下水不同时期补给特征          下载免费PDF全文

杨羽帆  曹生奎  曹广超  雷义珍  刘英  兰垚 《干旱区地理》2020,43(3):633-643

地下水稳定同位素组成的时空变化特征可以反映不同时期、不同区域地下水补给来源的差异。通过青海湖沙柳河流域浅层地下水氢氧稳定同位素组成的时空变化特征以及地下水、河水与降雨之间的补给关系的分析，结果显示：季风时期，地下水主要受降雨入渗和河流侧向补给为主，在补给过程中蒸发作用是影响地下水稳定同位素值的主要因素；非季风期，冰雪融水对低值区的地下水影响显著，同时降水的快速入渗则是该时期高值区地下水的主要补给方式之一。地下水同位素高值区，地下水与河水间补给作用较弱，补给时间超过5个月；地下水同位素低值区，地下水与河水补给关系较为密切，补给时间在1~4个月间。本文所得结论可初步反映干旱半干旱内陆流域地下水稳定同位素特征以及补给方式的基本规律，在一定程度上可为流域地下水及其他水体间的转换研究提供科学依据，并为地下水资源管理和水环境治理提供一定理论指导。  相似文献   

Prediction of Flyrock in Mine Blasting: A New Computational Intelligence Approach     

Nikafshan Rad  Hima  Bakhshayeshi  Iman  Wan Jusoh  Wan Amizah  Tahir  M. M.  Foong  Loke Kok 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(2):609-623

Natural Resources Research - Blasting is the predominant rock fragmentation technique in civil constructions, underground and surface mines. Flyrock is the unwanted throw of rock fragments during...  相似文献   

艾灸对实验性RA家兔IL-10、IL-17、OPN的影响          下载免费PDF全文

任继刚  雷枭  王大雪 《应用海洋学学报》2019,35(9):140-141

目的：观察艾灸对实验性类风湿性关节炎（RA）家兔外周血中白细胞介素（IL）-10、IL-17及骨桥蛋白（OPN）表达的影响，并探索艾灸治疗RA的抗炎机制。方法：选取日本大耳白兔30只，将其随机分为空白组、模型组、治疗组，每组各10只，采用福氏完全佐剂法制备实验性RA模型。在造模后第7天，治疗组采用悬灸肾俞、足三里穴疗法，每穴各灸5壮，　1次/d，以6d为1个疗程，共干预3个疗程。检测各组血清中IL-10、IL-17及OPN的含量。结果：IL-10、IL-17、OPN模型组与空白组比较，治疗组与模型组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论：艾灸治疗对实验性RA家兔有显著的抗炎作用，可有效降低血清IL-17及OPN含量，上调IL-10的表达，其抗炎的作用机制可能是通过调节OPN的表达，进而调节Th17/Treg而实现的。  相似文献   

Effect of different registration methods on precision of orientation based on RTK registration/georeferencing mode     

Shengming Hu  Zhijian Chen  Chenghui Wan  Chun Tang  Wen Xiong 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):385-392

Abstract

Compared with traditional methods, the three-dimensional laser-scanning (3D-LS) technique can efficiently acquire many high-quality geometric properties of rock discontinuities. In practice, engineers usually prefer to simplify the processing by using single-station point data and roughly orienting owing to the complexity of registration/georeferencing multi-station point data. However, prior published studies have paid little attention to the accuracy and reliability when determining discontinuity orientations using 3D-LS. We propose a reliable and accurate method with robust on-site applicability. As part of an ongoing effort, we are evaluating the precision of the commonly used coarse registration method and the fine registration method, and promoted the optimized coarse- and fine-registration methods and evaluated their precision. It is found that: (1) the common and the optimized registration method can meet our project’s engineering requirements, and the optimized registration method improved accuracy in the dip direction by approximately 1°; (2) fine registration using an iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm can correct both dip direction and dip angle; and (3) the orientation is of high precision with commonly used coarse and fine registration, whereas the optimization effect to correct the orientation is slightly limited.  相似文献   

基于航空重、磁数据的南黄海海相地层分布特征识别     

佟晶  张婉  张玄杰  熊盛青 《中国地质调查》2020,7(5):95-106

基于南黄海海域实测高精度航空重、磁数据,结合航空重、磁场及物性特征,通过平均对数功率谱分析匹配滤波方法技术,对南黄海海相地层界面起伏引起的重、磁异常特征进行分离、提取,采用切线法和外奎尔法计算海相地层界面的深度,经地质和地球物理综合解释,编制了南黄海海相地层底界面、顶界面深度图及海相地层厚度图。在此基础上,初步划分了南黄海海相地层构造单元,探讨了南黄海海相地层的分布特征。苏北—南黄海坳陷区的中部坳陷和南部坳陷均发育在强磁性基底之上,构造变形较弱,海相地层保存完整,埋藏浅,厚度为4~8 km,是南黄海地区具有较大资源潜力的油气勘探区。  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷地层压力结构特征     

姜文亚  宋泽章  周立宏  蒲秀刚  王娜  代昆  万伟超  刘祥柏 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(1):52-69

深化含油气沉积盆地的压力结构研究，厘清异常压力的空间展布，对划分含油气系统、评价有利输导体系与明确勘探甜点区带具有重要的理论和实践意义。为深化渤海湾盆地富油凹陷的油气二次勘探，本文以歧口凹陷为研究对象，对其压力结构进行重点刻画。在实测地层压力的校正下，综合单井、连井和二维地震地层压力结构分析，厘清了歧口凹陷的压力结构特征，识别出4类纵向压力结构：①单超压带结构；②双超压带结构；③多超压带结构；④静水压力结构。纵向上，歧口地区存在3类纵向压力系统样式——单超压系统、双超压系统、静水常压系统。双超压系统是歧口凹陷的主要压力系统样式，广泛发育于主凹和各大次凹；从凹陷中心向盆地边缘，双超压系统逐渐向单超压系统、静水常压系统过渡。单超压系统主要分布于盆地边缘的斜坡和潜山区，如歧北高斜坡、羊三木-扣村潜山等。静水常压系统则主要分布在离深凹区更远的沈青庄潜山和埕北斜坡区域。上部超压系统和下部超压系统的顶板分别位于东营组和沙三段内部，侧向上受盆地边缘和深大断裂控制。上部超压系统的形成主要受欠压实作用控制，以歧口主凹为中心呈环带分布；而下部超压系统的形成主要受生烃作用控制，以主凹和几大次凹为中心分布。未来，下部超压系统中保存的天然气将成为歧口地区超深层天然气勘探的重点对象。  相似文献   

Micromechanical analysis of cyclic and asymptotic behaviors of a granular backfill     

Hadda  Nejib  Wan  Richard 《Acta Geotechnica》2020,15(3):715-734

The paper examines the mechanics and physics of granular material responses at the macroscopic and microscopic levels during both monotonic and cyclic loadings. A numerical analysis referring to a long retaining wall is conducted using a two-dimensional discrete element model representing a granular system with a free top surface. On one of the lateral boundaries referring to the retaining wall, both active and passive loadings were applied monotonically as well as cyclically. First, the development of sheared zones and classic failure wedges resulting from active and passive monotonic displacements are discussed with respect to Rankine’s and Roscoe’s solution angles. Then, a series of loading cycles were performed using slow small-amplitude displacements at different stress states chosen before the occurrence of failure along the passive monotonic stress response curve. Particular interest is focused on the ultimate asymptotic cyclic response of the granular system, the occurrence of a high-mobility (convective) zone and a detailed macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Finally, major kinematical features that are displayed during cyclic loading from different starting stresses to eventually reach the same asymptotic state were elucidated through particle vortex-like flux formations, including contact rotations. The change in material stiffness was also investigated based on the evolution of strong and weak contact networks, together with the analysis of fabric anisotropy within the entire domain, including the high-mobility zone considered separately.

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Effects of Anthropogenic Disturbance on Sediment Organic Carbon Mineralization Under Different Water Conditions in Coastal Wetland of a Subtropical Estuary     

Xiaojie Mou  Xingtu Liu  Zhigao Sun  Chuan Tong  Jiafang Huang  Siang Wan  Chun Wang  Bolong Wen 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2018,28(3):400-410

The changes in soil organic carbon(C) mineralization as affected by anthropogenic disturbance directly determine the role of soils as C source or sink in the global C budget. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of anthropogenic disturbance(aquaculture pond, pollutant discharge and agricultural activity) on soil organic C mineralization under different water conditions in the Minjiang River estuary wetland, Southeast China. The results showed that the organic C mineralization in the wetland soils was significantly affected by human disturbance and water conditions(P 0.001), and the interaction between human disturbance activities and water conditions was also significant(P 0.01). The C mineralization rate and the cumulative mineralized carbon dioxide-carbon(CO_2-C)(at the 49th day) ranked from highest to lowest as follows: Phragmites australis wetland soil aquaculture pond sediment soil near the discharge outlet rice paddy soil. This indicated that human disturbance inhibited the mineralization of C in soils of the Minjiang River estuary wetland, and the inhibition increased with the intensity of human disturbance. The data for cumulative mineralized CO_2-C showed a good fit(R~2 0.91) to the first-order kinetic model C_t = C_0(1 – exp(–kt)). The kinetic parameters C_0, k and C_0 k were significantly affected by human disturbance and water conditions. In addition, the total amount of mineralized C(in 49 d) was positively related to C_0, C_0 k and electrical conductivity of soils. These findings indicated that anthropogenic disturbance suppressed the organic C mineralization potential in subtropical coastal wetland soils, and changes of water pattern as affected by human activities in the future would have a strong influence on C cycling in the subtropical estuarine wetlands.  相似文献   

基于连岛沙坝原理设计的海滩排水管头地貌稳定性研究     

董标  蔡锋  金保明  刘建辉  雷刚 《海洋工程》2018,36(1):128-137

海滩排水管建设对海滩环境影响较大。以厦门会展中心连岛沙坝式排水管头工程影响海滩演变为例,研究连岛沙坝式海滩排水管头对海滩地形稳定性和沉积的影响。1)通过对研究区连岛沙坝式管头附近海滩10条剖面进行分析,研究管头附近海滩滩肩宽度、滩面坡度和单宽留存沙量等剖面形态变化特征。测量数据分析表明,无管头保护滩面高程降低,滩面坡度总体变陡,滩肩蚀退严重;受管头保护滩面高程上升,坡度变缓,滩肩宽度略有减小,剖面单宽沙量留存比例大于1。2)2012-2016年多期岸线及管头边界线变化结果表明,工程施工后,排水管身始终被沙体覆盖,一年后部分管头被沙体覆盖,最终管头被覆盖率稳定在70%以上。3)会展管头附近海滩潮上带和高潮带沉积物自北向南运移,低潮带则相反;潮上带和中潮带上部沉积物从管头所在"连岛沙坝"向两侧海滩输移,而低潮带和中潮带下部输移方向相反。沉积物粒径由岸向海逐渐变粗,越靠近管头,沉积物粒径呈变细趋势。最后讨论了引起管头局部海滩地形地貌变化的主要因素。  相似文献   

青海共和盆地中三叠世花岗岩组合岩石成因:地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素约束   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈希节  贠晓瑞  雷敏  蔡志慧  张盛生  刘若涵  李毅兵  何碧竹 《岩石学报》2020,36(10):3152-3170

青海共和盆地位于青藏高原东北缘，以往有关共和盆地及邻区早-中三叠世岩浆岩成因机制的认识分歧较大，且研究主要集中在露头岩石方面。本文以共和盆地干热岩GR1井深部花岗岩岩芯样品作为研究对象，对其进行岩石学、长石电子探针、主微量元素地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Lu-Hf同位素研究。矿物组成及长石电子探针测试结果显示花岗岩主要为奥长花岗岩、英云闪长岩及花岗闪长岩。锆石U-Pb测年结果表明，奥长花岗岩的结晶年龄为236.5±1.7Ma，英云闪长岩的岩浆结晶年龄为241.6±3.0Ma。主、微量元素地球化学显示这些花岗岩主要为准铝质，属于高钾钙碱性系列。全岩Ta-Nb-Hf等不相容元素图解及锆石Hf同位素数据表明共和盆地的236.5~241.6Ma花岗岩显示火山弧及同碰撞花岗岩成分特征，说明中三叠世共和地区发生俯冲-碰撞转换。结合本文数据与区域背景资料，作者认为：共和盆地早-中三叠世花岗岩组合的形成与印支期宗务隆洋的南向俯冲作用密切相关，此时，在宗务隆-青海南山-西秦岭北缘存在统一的大陆边缘弧环境；在236~241Ma时发生俯冲-碰撞转换；晚三叠世时宗务隆-青海南山-西秦岭北缘已处于碰撞期和后碰撞期。  相似文献